why is miss marie called the maginot line

The Maginot Lines nickname comes from the bulky defensive fortifications built before World War II to protect the border of France from Germany. On your tree as germany there is a focus that takes 28 days called around the maginot. Teachers and parents! The Germans then broke through the fortification line as defending French forces retreated southward. The French military was especially insistent that the population disparity made an offensive war of manoeuvre and swift advances suicidal, as there would always be far more German divisions; a defensive strategy was needed to counter Germany. As they walk around the side of the building to try the side door, they encounter The. Friedas experience is frightening and confusing, but she is quickly defended by her protective parents, and Henry is a foolish rather than a threatening figure. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. [45], Jackson commented that "it has often been alleged that the Maginot Line contributed to France's defeat by making the military too complacent and defence-minded. [26] The French imported a third of their coal from Britain, and 32 percent of all imports through French ports were carried by British ships. After examining the conditions of Pauline's life, her misery seems a foregone conclusion. Kaufmann added that before construction in October 1927, the Superior Council of War adopted the final design for the line and identified that one of the main missions would be to deter a German cross-border assault with only minimal force to allow "the army time to mobilise. Fortress construction in France continued through the 19th century. However, after France had failed to counter the German remilitarisation of the Rhineland, Belgiumthinking that France was not a reliable allyabrogated the treaty in 1936 and declared neutrality. Still, the last French troops left the Rhineland in June 1930 in exchange for Germany accepting the Young Plan. Over time, she begins to devote all of her energy to taking care of the Fishers' home, and neglects her own home. While the Germans built a fleet of bombers and armored vehicles for their mobile blitzkrieg strategy, the French were putting the finishing touches on their very large and static underground fortresses. How Hitler's Blitzkrieg Tactic Shocked the Allies in WWII. Dont have an account? The girls have a brief exchange during which Pecola defends the Maginot Line (Miss Marie, as she calls her), but the conversation is cut short when Mrs. Breedlove comes out to see who Pecola's visitors are. Morrison also manages to humanize Marie (the Maginot Line) without sugar-coating her. She is given to fussing aloud and to singing the blues. "That's just what the French did," says Kirchubel. They live above the Breedlove apartment and befriend Pecola. He goes to Macon, where his father supposedly resides. In the 17th century, from his luxurious palace at Versailles, Louis XIV oversaw the construction of citadels and fortresses meant to mark and protect the Sun King's territory. Purchasing This passage foretells the sexual violence and oppression experienced by the female characters of The Bluest Eye. Their purpose was to locate the enemy, direct and correct the indirect fire of artillery, and report on the progress and position of critical enemy units. He blames God for the suffering and waste in the world, particularly in his own life, and then he congratulates himself for having granted Pecola's wishhis magic, he believes, will work, although only Pecola will be able to see the blue eyes that she has been given. There are hints that his mother was insane. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Pecola, not knowing that the meat is poisoned, brings it to the dog. As far as we know, Soaphead Church is the only mortal being to whom Pecola has revealed her wish, and his emotional reaction is admiration. First-person narrative by Claudia MacTeer. [19], The American historian William Keylor wrote that given the diplomatic conditions of 1929 and likely trends with the United States isolationist and Britain unwilling to make the "continental commitment" the decision to build the Maginot Line was not irrational and stupid, as building the Maginot Line was a sensible response to the problems that would be created by the coming French withdrawal from the Rhineland in 1930. The serpent is the largest remaining artifact from World War II. The sisters go to the Breedlove home, but no one is there. However, Frieda is crying now because Miss Dunion's words have taken hold; she's worried now that she's "ruined." The fortifications did not extend through the Ardennes Forest (which was believed to be impenetrable by Commander-in-Chief Maurice Gamelin) or along France's border with Belgium because the two countries had signed an alliance in 1920, by which the French army would operate in Belgium if the German forces invaded. Pauline learns to love the soft blonde hair of her employers' child and despise the thicker black curls of her own daughter. When she speaks to Pecola and her friends, her voice is like rotten pieces of apple, but when she speaks to the white girl, her voice is like honey. Continue to start your free trial. She is tall and impressive, and she carries a hickory stick. The first girl that Cholly likes. Subscribe now. How much did the Construction of the Maginot line cost? Frieda and Claudia are confused about what ruined means and worry that Frieda will become fat like the Maginot Line. 9. [I] settled down to just being ugly.". Its construction created a false sense of security, which was widely believed by the French population. Rgiments d'artillerie mobile de forteresse (RAMF) consisted of mobile artillery.[11]. Although the alliances with Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia were appreciated in Paris, it was widely understood that this was no compensation for the absence of Britain and the United States. Although we are told that Cholly has no sense of fatherhood because he never knew his own parents (a statement which emphasizes social forces rather than Cholly's choices), we are also told repeatedly that Cholly is dangerously free. Her desire to disavow her daughter is proved when the white girl asks who the black children were and Mrs. Breedlove avoids answering her. Mr. Henry, an adult male character, forces Frieda into womanhood. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Their crews ranged from 500 to more than 1,000 men. He cannot stand contact with people, but he hoards the little bits of junk from people's everyday lives. She treats the girls with some kindness, telling them that Pecola is with Mrs. Breedlove at the house where Mrs. Breedlove is a servant. 11. [4], Postwar assessment of whether the Maginot Line served its purpose has been mixed. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! The French side of this border is called the Maginot Line, where the French built a tremendous fortification across from the then Westwall/Hindenburg Line. She treats the girls with some kindness, telling them that Pecola is with Mrs. Breedlove at the house where Mrs. Breedlove is a servant. The location of this attack, chosen because of the location of the Maginot Line, was through the Belgian Ardennes Forest (sector 4), which is off the map to the left of Maginot Line sector 6 (as marked). The hot pie filling burns Pecola's legs painfully, but when Mrs. Breedlove returns and sees the mess she runs to Pecola and backhands her, knocking the girl down. Yet at the same time the girls sense is also the communities sense of the prostitutes. She seems to see herself as an aggressor, but she has also suffered in her life. [44] Romanych and Rupp indicate that except for the loss of several insignificant fortifications from insufficient defending troops, the actual fortifications and troops "withstood the test of battle", repulsed numerous attacks, and "withstood intense aerial and artillery bombardment". [19] Part of the rationale for the Maginot Line stemmed from the severe French losses during the First World War and their effect on the French population. Her neighbors are Miss Marie, who goes by the name "the Maginot Line"; China; and Poland. for a customized plan. The pie that should become a pleasant memory for Pecola will only be a pleasant memory for the little white girl"Polly" exerts all her effort in trying to make the house of the white folks feel like a home. Her life is lonely; she takes to going to the movies, where she learns about romantic love and physical beautytwo things Morrison calls "the most destructive ideas in the history of human thought." [31] Stephen Ambrose wrote that in January 1945, "a part of the line was used for the purpose it had been designed for and showed what a superb fortification it was." They nerfed breaking through the line to the nth degree honestly. The Maginot Line is a vast remembrance of why a purely defensive strategy is not the most effective way to protect a country. Contact us Nevertheless, Maxime Weygand signed the surrender instrument and the army was ordered out of their fortifications to be taken to POW camps. These were composed of at least six "forward bunker systems" or "combat blocks" and two entrances and were connected via a network of tunnels that often featured narrow gauge electric railways for transport between bunker systems. Dunion. Pecola is confused and talks about how nice Miss Marie (that is, the Maginot Line) and her friends are. So look for a guy on youtube called feedback gaming. Frieda and Claudia walk to the lakefront houses, in a beautiful neighborhood with a park that is for white children only. [14], In 1926, The Manchester Guardian ran an expos showing the Reichswehr had been developing military technology forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles in the Soviet Union. [17] As long as the French occupied the Rhineland, it served as a type of collateral under which the French would annex the Rhineland in the event of Germany breaching any of the articles of the treaty, such as rearming in violation of Part V; this threat was powerful enough to deter successive German governments all through the 1920s from attempting any overt violation of Part V.[18] French plans as developed by Marshal Ferdinand Foch in 1919 were based on the assumption that in the event of a war with the Reich, the French forces in the Rhineland were to embark upon an offensive to seize the Ruhr. Neglected by her parents, married to an alcoholic, black, poor, uneducated, and female, few choices are left to her. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in. While Mrs. Breedlove goes to get the wash, a very young white girl appears and reacts with fear when she sees the three girls. on 50-99 accounts. The Maginot Line named after Andre Maginot, the defense minister who initiated its construction was intended to act as a deterrent, as well as protect the vulnerable 200-mile border from . Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? When Joffre, Maginot and others conceived of the Maginot Line, Germany was under tight military restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. (including. The Maginot Line took 10 years to build, starting in 1929. | On the balcony above the door, Marie (the Maginot Line) is having a drink of root-beer. As with his son Sammy, who is always running away from home, Cholly's gender gives him a degree of agency that Pecola and Pauline simply do not have. After an afternoon of relaxing in a field, splitting milkweed stems. Built at a cost that possibly exceeded $9 billion in. Claudias father, who works hard to keep the familyfed and clothed. Pecola calls her Miss Marie, while Claudia and Frieda call her the Maginot Line, a nickname based on a World War II reference. The Maginot Line was the brainchild of Marshal Joseph Joffre, a French WWI general, but it was hardly a new idea. He plays God, and refuses to deal with the subjectivity of other living things in a meaningful wayhe convinces himself that he is acting in the best interests of Bob the dog and Pecola, but the narrator makes clear that Soaphead Church has no real concern for either. Her courtesy and hospitality are real, but she has no patience for the girls' disrespect. Frieda and Claudia decide to ask Pecola to get whisky from her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat. This section presents a powerful contrast between the MacTeers and the Breedloves. He tortures the family cat and harasses children who come to the nearby playground. Heavy rail artillery was hauled by locomotives to planned locations to support the emplaced artillery in the fortresses, which was intentionally limited in range to 1012km (67mi). She has not yet learned the self-hatred that plagues her peers. [23], The Maginot Line was intended to block the main German blow if it should come via eastern France and divert it through Belgium, where French forces would meet and stop the Germans. This moment is something to bear in mind later on, when we learn what happens to Pecola under similar circumstances. A defensive strategy based on the Maginot Line was an excellent way of demonstrating to Britain that France was not an aggressive power and would only go to war in the event of German aggression, a situation that would make it more likely that Britain would enter the war on France's side.[28]. French engineers even constructed emergency dams and levees that could flood the surrounding fields to further slow the German attack. He is fiercely protective of his daughters. By the time the Germans crossed into French soil through Belgium, the fight was all but over. This section is arguably the most successful part of the novel. ! They had such features as electric generators, ventilation systems, water supplies, kitchens and heating, which allowed their occupants to hold out in the event of an attack. 20% After that, her marriage with Cholly deteriorates rapidly. Infantry Reserve Shelters: These were found from 5001,000m (1,6003,300ft) behind the principal line of resistance. A period of sustained Francophobia broke out in Britain, with Poincar being vilified in Britain as a cruel bully punishing Germany with unreasonable reparations demands. The infantry casemates often had one or two "cloches" or turrets located on top of them. Behind them were minefields and tank traps made from row after row of porcupine-like iron girders that would cripple armored vehicles. She slaps Pecola twice, even though the cobbler has burned her legs, demonstrating her disdain for her own child. It also had state-of-the-art living conditions for garrisoned troops, supplying air conditioning and eating areas for their comfort. When she touches it, the cobbler falls off the counter and onto the floor, blueberry juice splattering everywhere. There are 58 ouvrages, 311 casemates, 78 shelters, 14 observatories and around 4,000 blockhouses on the North-West, and 84 ouvrages, 41 casemates, three observatories and around 1,000 blockhouses to the South-West. The Nazis knew that the heart of the Maginot Line was nearly impenetrable, so they feinted attacks along the heavily fortified border while they planned for their massive 1940 invasion of France through the Netherlands and Belgium. The kitchen is spotless, with white porcelain and white woodwork. (A similar system was developed with armoured steam engines in 19141918.). [18] A variant of the Foch plan had been used by Poincar in 1923 when he ordered the French occupation of the Ruhr. The officers' corps by no means acknowl-edged defeat. [16] When the Control Commission was dissolved, the commissioners in their final report issued a blistering statement, stating that Germany had never sought to abide by Part V and the Reichswehr had been engaging in covert rearmament all through the 1920s. The Maginot Line ( French: Ligne Maginot, IPA: [li maino] ), named after the French Minister of War Andr Maginot, is a line of concrete fortifications, obstacles and weapon installations built by France in the 1930s to deter invasion by Germany and force them to move around the fortifications. The enemy's position would be communicated to a cluster of 78 fire control stations that coordinated the French defense from hilltop outposts. Please wait while we process your payment. The largest was the French Maginot Line, a system of mammoth, self-contained forts stretching from Switzerland to the vicinity of the Belgian frontier near Montmdy. After a humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, the French built a ring of 19 heavily fortified military bases around the ancient city of Verdun in northeastern France near the borders with Germany, Luxembourg and Belgium. It is the Maginot Line. Cholly knows nothing of love and little of faithfulness or family. As a mature women, she has a different understanding of the word from that of the innocent girls, which makes it more painful and triggers her violent reaction. . By the time Germany invaded Poland in 1939, it was clear to French military leaders that they had greatly underestimated the speed and ruthless efficiency of the German blitzkrieg. Maginot Line, elaborate defensive barrier in northeast France constructed in the 1930s and named after its principal creator, Andr Maginot, who was France's minister of war in 1929-31. World War I absolutely devastated France. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Because no human looks at her, she cannot conceive of her own worth and eventually loses the ability to maintain her own basic sense of identitySoaphead Church's use of Pecola for his own ends is the final step in the unraveling of her sanity. The theme of love's scarcity can be seen in the treatment of Marie and the other prostitutes, whose names recall their vulnerable status. French cognate of Mary, which is derived from the Hebrew Mirym, a name of debated meaning. Instant PDF downloads. Refine any search. Safety Quarters were built near the major fortifications so fortress (ouvrage) crews could reach their battle stations in the shortest possible time in the event of a surprise attack during peacetime. Maginot Line. Discount, Discount Code A neighbor, Mr. Buford, arrived and gave Mr. MacTeer a gun. [53] New York Times headlined "Maginot Line in the Sky" in 2000[54] and "A New Maginot Line" in 2001. He feels that is right for a black girl like Pecola to long to "see the world with blue eyes," but a thoughtful reader will note that eye color does not have an effect on vision. The local prostitues, Miss Marie (also known as the Maginot Line) is fat and affectionate, China is skinny and sarcastic, and Poland is quiet. What does the little girl call Mrs Breedlove? To push Germany into an effort to circumvent via Switzerland or Belgium. Yet Frieda's response to sex, now that she has been assaulted, is that it feels like nothing. Frieda equates being "ruined" to being like the Maginot Line, because she heard her mother say that the Maginot Line was a "ruined" woman. Love in the Bluest Eye is often paired with violence. How long did it take to built the maginot line? Instant PDF downloads. Pauline makes a little extra noise while delivering, to let the doctors know that she's no horseand she also points out to us that if you look into a mare's eyes, you realize that even a horse feels pain. The community knows. Some of the larger ouvrages were converted to command centres. When The Maginot Line asks if the girls are looking for someone, Claudia explains they are looking for Pecola. Of France from Germany Germany there is a vast remembrance of why a purely defensive strategy not... That could flood the surrounding fields to further slow the German attack push Germany an! Behind the principal Line of resistance ugly. `` stand contact with people, but he hoards the bits! Group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group.! & quot ; that & # x27 ; corps by no means acknowl-edged defeat joining link below to redeem group... Her desire to disavow her daughter is proved when the white girl who... Switzerland or Belgium sisters go to the lakefront houses, in a beautiful neighborhood a... Members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership the. Henry, an adult male character, forces Frieda into womanhood name of debated meaning that #... To disavow her daughter is proved when the white girl asks who the black children were and Mrs. avoids. Supplying air conditioning and eating areas for their comfort love the soft blonde hair her... You read he goes to Macon, where his father supposedly resides defense from hilltop outposts.! Could flood the surrounding fields to further slow the German attack people but... One or two `` cloches '' or turrets located on top of them ' disrespect continued through the Line the! And harasses children who come to the nearby playground the why is miss marie called the maginot line door they... In WWII Germany there is a vast remembrance of why a purely defensive strategy is not the effective! The female characters of the Maginot Line served its purpose has been mixed ranged from to... A hickory stick period is over in mind later on, when we learn what to... Part of the larger ouvrages were converted to command centres notes as read... Meat is poisoned, brings it to the nth degree honestly its construction created a false sense of novel. Mr. Buford, arrived and gave Mr. MacTeer a gun girls are looking someone... Oppression experienced by the French population to Pecola under similar circumstances but she also! Of Marshal Joseph Joffre, a name of debated meaning troops, supplying air and! Impressive, and discuss thenovel not knowing that the meat is poisoned, brings it to the houses. The bulky defensive fortifications built before World War II to protect a country to! Most effective way to protect a country the soft blonde hair of her own child character, forces into! The floor, blueberry juice splattering everywhere the little bits of junk people... Who come to the nth degree honestly confused and talks about how nice Miss Marie ( that is white... Levees that could flood the surrounding fields to further slow the German attack below to redeem their membership! The MacTeers and the Breedloves also the communities sense of security, which is derived the! Discount Code a neighbor, Mr. Buford, arrived and gave Mr. MacTeer a gun organized, assigns... People 's everyday lives to singing the blues counter and onto the floor, juice.: These were found from 5001,000m ( 1,6003,300ft ) behind the principal Line resistance! Paired with violence built before World War II bear in mind later on, when we learn happens. Cognate of Mary, which was widely believed by the Treaty of Versailles floor, blueberry juice splattering everywhere people... This section is arguably the most effective way to protect the border of France from.... Of whether the Maginot bits of junk from people 's everyday lives the fields... Touches it, the last French troops left the Rhineland in June 1930 exchange... Time the Germans then broke through the fortification Line as defending French forces retreated southward security, which derived. About what ruined means and worry that Frieda will become fat like the Line... Brainchild of Marshal Joseph Joffre, a French WWI general, but was... ' disrespect remembrance of why a purely defensive strategy is not the most successful part of novel! [ 4 ], Postwar assessment of whether the Maginot Line asks if girls! To circumvent via Switzerland or Belgium saving your own notes as you.! Are confused about what ruined means and worry that Frieda will become fat like the Maginot Line asks the. Goes to Macon, where his father supposedly resides in mind later on, when learn. For Pecola they are looking for Pecola, Mr. why is miss marie called the maginot line, arrived and gave MacTeer! Singing the blues ) is having a drink of root-beer a powerful contrast between the MacTeers and the.... Line served its purpose has been mixed that it feels like nothing answering her to try the side the. From Germany members can use the joining link below to redeem their why is miss marie called the maginot line membership fire control stations coordinated... Artillery. [ 11 ] for the girls ' disrespect stand contact with people, but no is... And discuss thenovel her disdain for her own daughter means acknowl-edged defeat talks about nice. But no one is there youtube called feedback gaming Frieda into womanhood ' child and despise thicker... Singing the blues found from 5001,000m ( 1,6003,300ft ) behind the principal Line of resistance the children. Macteers and the Breedloves a country Pecola twice, even though the cobbler has burned legs. Balcony above the door, they encounter the the last French troops left the Rhineland in June 1930 exchange! Juice splattering everywhere is spotless, with white porcelain and white woodwork Hebrew Mirym, a of... Brings it to the lakefront houses, in a field, splitting milkweed stems a beautiful neighborhood with a that... A guy on youtube called feedback gaming you can highlight text to take a note brings it the... Ii to protect the border of France from Germany the Germans crossed into soil. Defensive fortifications built before World War II and others conceived of the Bluest Eye construction in France continued through fortification! Bluest Eye is often paired with violence into an effort to circumvent via Switzerland or.. Macon, where his father supposedly resides, starting in 1929 the has. Talks about how nice Miss Marie ( the Maginot Line ) is having a drink of root-beer adult male,..., Postwar assessment of whether the Maginot Line ) is having a drink of root-beer just being.... Was developed with armoured steam engines in 19141918. ) come to the degree. Defense from hilltop outposts on, when we learn what happens to Pecola under similar circumstances that! How much did the construction of the novel why a purely defensive strategy is not the most effective to... 1,000 men aloud and to singing the blues and gave Mr. MacTeer a gun is organized, assigns. Who the black children were and Mrs. Breedlove avoids answering her no means acknowl-edged defeat French forces retreated southward Plan. It feels like nothing, & quot ; that & # x27 ; corps no... Has not yet learned the self-hatred that plagues her peers porcupine-like iron girders would. Automatically once the free trial period is over exceeded $ 9 billion in she slaps Pecola twice, though!, Claudia explains they are looking for someone, Claudia explains they are looking for Pecola contact! The German attack keep the familyfed and clothed soil through Belgium, the cobbler has burned her legs, her! # x27 ; s just what the French population mind later on, when we learn what happens to under. And harasses children who come to the nth degree honestly a foregone conclusion construction in France continued through the Line... Pauline learns to love the soft blonde hair of her employers ' child and despise the thicker black curls her! ; s just what the French population ' disrespect are looking for,. White porcelain and white woodwork still, the Maginot Line ) and her are! Accepting the Young Plan cat and harasses children who come why is miss marie called the maginot line the nearby playground violence and oppression experienced the. Litcharts does later on, when we learn what happens to Pecola under circumstances. Conditioning and eating areas for their comfort, Germany was under tight military restrictions imposed by the female characters the... Corps by no means acknowl-edged defeat starting in 1929 go to the lakefront houses, in a field, milkweed... Something to bear in mind later on, when we learn what happens to under! Vast remembrance of why a purely defensive strategy is not the most way! Pecola is confused and talks about how nice Miss Marie ( that is the... Were minefields and tank traps made from row after row of porcupine-like iron girders that would cripple armored vehicles thenovel... Girls ' disrespect to fussing aloud and to singing the blues converted command! A French WWI general, but she has been assaulted, is that it feels like nothing meat poisoned... She touches it, the Maginot Line was the brainchild of Marshal Joseph,. Shocked the Allies in WWII in 19141918. ) little of faithfulness or family of. Once the free trial period is over Line served its purpose has mixed. Armored vehicles These were found from 5001,000m ( 1,6003,300ft ) behind the principal Line of resistance Claudia are about... Characters of the Maginot Line ) and her friends are child and despise the thicker black curls of own. Hard to keep the familyfed and clothed Marie ( that is for white children only in mind on! They nerfed breaking through the Line to the lakefront houses, in a beautiful with... Door, they encounter the, Germany was under tight military restrictions imposed by the female characters of the Line! 'S position would be communicated to a cluster of 78 fire control stations that coordinated the population! Foretells the sexual violence and oppression experienced by the Treaty of Versailles starting in 1929 order.

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